IIIT-Bangalore advances smart signal technology with Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for 5G and 6G networks

Researchers at the International Institute of Information Technology, Bangalore (IIIT-B) are enhancing mobile network performance with a groundbreaking development in wireless technology. The institute is focusing on the advancement of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS), panels that function as "smart walls" to optimize network signals. This innovation aims to boost both 5G-advanced networks and future 6G systems by redirecting or focusing signals, enhancing network speed and energy efficiency.

Also read: IIIT Bangalore scientists craft robotic model capable of communicating human emotions

RIS panels are a cost-effective solution to network congestion and coverage gaps. Mounted on walls or poles, these panels serve as "plug-and-play" upgrades, eliminating the need for expensive infrastructure or additional towers. This is particularly beneficial for urban areas, where the demand for better coverage is high, and space for new towers is limited.

Key benefits of RIS

One of the key benefits of RIS is its minimal energy consumption. Designed as a passive surface, it shapes signals without requiring much power, making it ideal for urban India. IIIT-B is also exploring more advanced "active" and hybrid RIS designs, which can amplify signals but require power.

However, RIS faces challenges in fast-moving environments like vehicles or drones, where signal changes are rapid. To tackle this, IIIT-B researchers are developing AI-powered systems that predict user movement, ensuring continuous signal optimization. Future research will focus on integrating software-defined RIS with AI-driven control to further enhance network performance.