Genetic screening before marriage: A growing need in India

As horoscope matching remains a tradition in Indian marriages, a more scientific approach is gaining attention—genetic compatibility. Carrier screening, a genetic test that assesses hereditary risks, is becoming increasingly relevant, particularly in Karnataka, where consanguineous marriages are common.

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Many young couples have started opting for carrier screening before marriage. As close relatives, they are undergoing testing to evaluate the risks of passing genetic disorders to their child. The screening provides clarity allowing them to make informed reproductive choices. Couples acknowledge that while it is beneficial, the high cost—approximately ₹25,000—makes it inaccessible for many.

Unlike in countries like the United States, where health insurance covers such tests, India lacks similar provisions. Experts in the field advocate for government-backed initiatives to make screening more affordable. Socio-medical organizations also stress that research institutions could offer subsidized tests to ensure wider accessibility.

Beyond financial constraints, societal stigma remains a barrier. Fear of discrimination in marriage, employment, and healthcare discourages many from seeking genetic screening.

Doctors recommend screening, particularly for consanguineous couples, to prepare for potential medical challenges. While minor defects can often be treated, severe genetic abnormalities can impact quality of life. Early detection empowers parents with options, including medical intervention and psychological preparedness.

With nearly 27% of Karnataka’s marriages occurring within families, genetic screening is increasingly being recognized as a crucial step toward healthier future generations.