Rafale or F-35? As India evaluates its fighter jets, here's how the two compare

As India evaluates its next-generation fighter jets, the debate between the F-35 Lightning II and the Rafale continues to gain traction. While both aircraft offer advanced capabilities, they cater to different operational needs and strategic considerations.

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The F-35, a fifth-generation stealth fighter, stands out with its cutting-edge sensor fusion, advanced AN/APG-81 AESA radar, and superior electronic warfare systems. These features allow it to detect and engage threats from long distances, making it highly effective in beyond visual range (BVR) combat. However, its high acquisition cost and expensive maintenance raise concerns.

On the other hand, the Rafale, a 4.5-generation fighter, may lack the stealth advantage of the F-35 but compensates with agility, superior close-combat performance, and extended range when fitted with external fuel tanks. Its proven track record and cost-effectiveness make it a reliable choice for multi-role operations.

Both jets are nuclear-capable, enhancing India’s strategic deterrence. The choice between them ultimately depends on India’s priorities—whether to invest in the F-35’s groundbreaking technology or expand its fleet with the more affordable and battle-tested Rafale.

With evolving regional threats, India’s decision will shape its air power for decades. While the F-35 offers future-ready capabilities, the Rafale remains a proven workhorse, making this a crucial call for the Indian Air Force.