What is Fear of Being Obsolete (FOBO)? How it's impacting global workforce amid AI boom

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation is fueling a growing fear among employees worldwide—the fear of being obsolete (FOBO). As industries increasingly integrate AI-driven processes, many professionals worry their skills will soon be outdated, putting their jobs at risk.

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The ETS Human Progress Report 2025 highlights that 60% of employees globally are experiencing FOBO, as traditional roles evolve or disappear due to automation. The concern is even higher among Gen Z professionals, with 65% fearing replacement by AI, making them the most anxious generation in the workforce.
As industries across sectors—ranging from finance to healthcare—adopt AI-driven solutions, the job market is undergoing a seismic shift. According to a McKinsey 2024 report, by 2030, up to 30% of working hours in the US and 27% in Europe could be automated. This signals a potential large-scale job displacement, amplifying concerns among employees.
Moreover, companies are increasingly prioritizing AI efficiency over human labor, accelerating job uncertainties. A 33% surge in demand for AI-related skills across 14 countries highlights the urgency of adapting to automation-driven changes. However, not all workers can transition seamlessly, making FOBO a pressing reality.
With automation advancing at an unprecedented pace, the fear of job loss is no longer speculative—it is an imminent challenge reshaping the future of employment worldwide.